The following content comes from the book "Anabolics 2010"
Oxandrolone: An Overview
Description
Oxandrolone is an oral anabolic steroid derived from dihydrotestosterone. It was designed to have a strong separation of anabolic and androgenic effects, with no significant estrogenic or progestational activity. Known for being a mild oral steroid, it is widely used for promoting strength and quality muscle gains without major side effects. Milligram for milligram, it exhibits up to six times the anabolic activity of testosterone while maintaining significantly lower androgenicity.
This drug is particularly favored by dieting bodybuilders and athletes in speed/anaerobic sports due to its ability to promote pure muscle tissue gain without fat or water retention.
History
Early Development
Oxandrolone was first described in 1962 and later developed into a pharmaceutical product by G.D. Searle & Co. (now Pfizer). It was marketed under the trade name
Anavar in the U.S. and the Netherlands, with various other names in different countries, including:
- Lonavar (Argentina, Australia)
- Lipidex (Brazil)
- Antitriol (Spain)
- Anatrophill (France)
- Protivar
The drug was designed as a mild anabolic steroid, safe for use by women and children. Initially, Anavar was prescribed for various medical conditions, including lean tissue growth after surgery, trauma, infection, and osteoporosis.
Discontinuation and Reintroduction
By the 1980s, the FDA refined oxandrolone's approved uses to include weight gain following surgery, chronic infections, trauma, or unexplained weight loss. However, due to declining sales and growing concerns over anabolic steroid abuse,
Searle voluntarily discontinued Anavar on July 1, 1989, removing oxandrolone from U.S. pharmacies.
After several years of absence, oxandrolone returned to the market in December 1995 under the name
Oxandrin, produced by Bio-Technology General Corp. (BTG). The company secured
orphan drug status for treating AIDS wasting, alcoholic hepatitis, Turner’s syndrome in girls, and delayed puberty in boys, leading to high drug pricing. Generic versions later reduced costs.
Today,
Oxandrin is sold under the Savient label, with FDA approval for various conditions. Generic oxandrolone is available in the U.S. and some international markets.
How Supplied
Oxandrolone is available in select human drug markets with varying compositions and dosages depending on the manufacturer and country:
- Original Anavar: 2.5 mg per tablet
- Oxandrin: 2.5 mg or 10 mg per tablet
- Other brands: Typically 2.5 mg, 5 mg, or 10 mg per tablet
Structural Characteristics
Oxandrolone is a modified
dihydrotestosterone (DHT) derivative with two key alterations:
- Addition of a 17-alpha methyl group – protects the hormone during oral administration.
- Substitution of carbon-2 in the A-ring with an oxygen atom – increases anabolic potency by making the compound more resistant to muscle metabolism.
Oxandrolone is the only commercially available steroid with this unique alteration, enhancing its anabolic strength while reducing androgenic effects.
Side Effects
Estrogenic Side Effects
Oxandrolone
does not aromatize in the body and has
no measurable estrogenic activity. Consequently, users do not experience
gynecomastia or
water retention, making it an excellent choice for
cutting cycles.
Androgenic Side Effects
Although oxandrolone has
low androgenic activity, some users may experience:
- Oily skin and acne
- Increased facial/body hair growth
- Acceleration of male pattern baldness (in those genetically predisposed)
Women using oxandrolone should be aware of possible
virilizing effects, including voice deepening, menstrual irregularities, skin texture changes, facial hair growth, and clitoral enlargement.
Hepatotoxicity (Liver Toxicity)
Oxandrolone is a
C17-alpha alkylated steroid, which means it is resistant to liver breakdown. However,
prolonged or high doses can cause liver damage.
Studies indicate oxandrolone is
less hepatotoxic than other oral steroids, with about
one-third of the drug excreted intact in urine. A study comparing oxandrolone to other alkylated steroids found
it caused the lowest liver stress.
To minimize liver strain, users should:
- Limit use to 6-8 weeks per cycle
- Undergo regular liver function tests
- Use liver-support supplements like Liver Stabil, Liv-52, or Essentiale Forte
Cardiovascular Side Effects
Oxandrolone negatively affects
cholesterol levels, reducing
HDL (good cholesterol) and increasing
LDL (bad cholesterol). Studies show:
- 20 mg/day caused a 30% reduction in HDL.
- 40 mg/day reduced HDL by 33%.
- 80 mg/day led to a 50% HDL reduction and 30-33% LDL increase.
Other cardiovascular risks include
increased blood pressure, reduced arterial function, and left ventricular hypertrophy.
To reduce cardiovascular strain, users should:
- Engage in regular cardiovascular exercise.
- Limit saturated fats, cholesterol, and simple carbs.
- Supplement with fish oils (4g/day) and cholesterol-supporting supplements.
Testosterone Suppression
Like all anabolic steroids, oxandrolone
suppresses natural testosterone production. Studies show:
- 20-40 mg/day reduces testosterone levels by 45%.
- 80 mg/day suppresses testosterone by 66%.
- LH levels also decline by 25-50%, depending on the dose.
After stopping oxandrolone,
testosterone levels typically recover within 1-4 months, but
long-term abuse may cause prolonged suppression requiring medical intervention.
Administration
General Administration
Taking oxandrolone
with food may reduce absorption, so it should be taken
on an empty stomach for maximum bioavailability.
Dosage for Men
- Medical dosage: 2.5–20 mg/day for 2-4 weeks.
- Performance-enhancing dosage: 15-25 mg/day for 6-8 weeks.
- Bulking cycles: Combined with 200-400 mg/week of testosterone.
- Cutting cycles: Stacked with 150 mg/week XXXXXXXXXX or 200-300 mg/week Primobolan.
Dosage for Women
- Performance-enhancing dosage: 5-10 mg/day for 4-6 weeks.
- Stacking options: Winstrol, Primobolan, or Durabolin (with increased risk of side effects).
Availability
Oxandrolone is increasingly produced in
less regulated markets in Asia, as availability in
Europe and the West declines.
- In the U.S., generic oxandrolone is available from Par Pharm, Sandoz, Upsher Smith, and Watson.
- Brand-name Oxandrin (Savient) was available in 2.5 mg and 10 mg tablets.
- Italian Oxandrolone (SPA) is no longer available.
Note: The pharmaceutical brand is no longer available in the US. It is still compounded by
Empower Pharmacy, though.
Choose
Empower Pharmacy for compounded Oxandrolone Tablets. The leading accredited 503A and FDA-registered 503B compounding pharmacy.
www.empowerpharmacy.com
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