Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
The first study to actually show that organ size actually decreases with diet.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov 23. pii: ajcn139188. [Epub ahead of print]
Changes in skeletal muscle and organ size after a weight-loss intervention in overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients.
Gallagher D1,2, Kelley DE3, Thornton J4, Boxt L5, Pi-Sunyer X4,2, Lipkin E6, Nyenwe E7, Janumala I4, Heshka S4,2; MRI Ancillary Study Group of the Look AHEAD Research Group.
Author information
1New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center and [email protected].
2Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
3Obesity and Nutrition Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
4New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center and.
5Department of Radiology, St. Luke's Hospital, New York, NY.
6Division of Metabolism, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and.
7Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee, Martin, TN.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The effect of a weight-loss intervention on the masses of lean tissues and organs in humans is not well known.
OBJECTIVE:
We studied the effects of a diet and exercise weight-loss intervention on skeletal muscle (SM) mass and selected organs over 2 y using MRI in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes.
DESIGN:
Participants were 53 women and 39 men [mean ± SD: age 58 ± 7 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) 32 ± 3] enrolled in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial and randomly assigned to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or diabetes support and education (DSE) on whom 2 y of data were collected. MRI-derived measurements of SM, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and pancreas were acquired.
RESULTS:
Adjusted for baseline weight, height, age, sex, and ethnicity, the ILI group weighed (mean ± SE) 6.6 ± 0.7 kg less after 1 y and 5.2 ± 0.7 kg less after 2 y, whereas the DSE group did not change significantly (-0.4 ± 0.6 and -1.0 ± 0.7 kg after 1 and 2 y, respectively; P-interaction < 0.001). Total SM decreased in both groups during year 1 (-1.4 ± 0.2 kg; P < 0.001) with appendicular SM regained during year 2. Liver and spleen masses decreased in the ILI group (-0.12 ± 0.02 and -0.006 ± 0.003 kg, respectively) but were unchanged in the DSE group (0.00 ± 0.02 and 0.004 ± 0.003 kg, respectively). Kidney mass decreased by 0.013 ± 0.003 kg (P < 0.001) over 2 y in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
Decreases in liver (in Caucasians but not African Americans) and spleen were detected after a 6.2-kg weight reduction compared with a control group. SM and kidney mass decreased in both groups. Appendicular SM was regained during the second year whereas trunk SM was not. No evidence of a disproportionate loss of high-metabolic rate organs (heart, liver, kidney, spleen) compared with SM was found.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov 23. pii: ajcn139188. [Epub ahead of print]
Changes in skeletal muscle and organ size after a weight-loss intervention in overweight and obese type 2 diabetic patients.
Gallagher D1,2, Kelley DE3, Thornton J4, Boxt L5, Pi-Sunyer X4,2, Lipkin E6, Nyenwe E7, Janumala I4, Heshka S4,2; MRI Ancillary Study Group of the Look AHEAD Research Group.
Author information
1New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center and [email protected].
2Institute of Human Nutrition and Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
3Obesity and Nutrition Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
4New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center and.
5Department of Radiology, St. Luke's Hospital, New York, NY.
6Division of Metabolism, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; and.
7Division of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Tennessee, Martin, TN.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The effect of a weight-loss intervention on the masses of lean tissues and organs in humans is not well known.
OBJECTIVE:
We studied the effects of a diet and exercise weight-loss intervention on skeletal muscle (SM) mass and selected organs over 2 y using MRI in overweight adults with type 2 diabetes.
DESIGN:
Participants were 53 women and 39 men [mean ± SD: age 58 ± 7 y; body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) 32 ± 3] enrolled in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial and randomly assigned to an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) or diabetes support and education (DSE) on whom 2 y of data were collected. MRI-derived measurements of SM, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and pancreas were acquired.
RESULTS:
Adjusted for baseline weight, height, age, sex, and ethnicity, the ILI group weighed (mean ± SE) 6.6 ± 0.7 kg less after 1 y and 5.2 ± 0.7 kg less after 2 y, whereas the DSE group did not change significantly (-0.4 ± 0.6 and -1.0 ± 0.7 kg after 1 and 2 y, respectively; P-interaction < 0.001). Total SM decreased in both groups during year 1 (-1.4 ± 0.2 kg; P < 0.001) with appendicular SM regained during year 2. Liver and spleen masses decreased in the ILI group (-0.12 ± 0.02 and -0.006 ± 0.003 kg, respectively) but were unchanged in the DSE group (0.00 ± 0.02 and 0.004 ± 0.003 kg, respectively). Kidney mass decreased by 0.013 ± 0.003 kg (P < 0.001) over 2 y in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
Decreases in liver (in Caucasians but not African Americans) and spleen were detected after a 6.2-kg weight reduction compared with a control group. SM and kidney mass decreased in both groups. Appendicular SM was regained during the second year whereas trunk SM was not. No evidence of a disproportionate loss of high-metabolic rate organs (heart, liver, kidney, spleen) compared with SM was found.
