madman
Super Moderator
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a common irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and changes in tau phosphorylation, is accompanied by memory loss and symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Increases in disease incidence due to the ageing of the population have placed a great burden on society. To date, the mechanism of AD and the identities of adequate drugs for AD prevention and treatment have eluded the medical community. It has been confirmed that phytochemicals have certain neuroprotective effects against AD. For example, some progress has been made in research on the use of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, for the prevention and treatment of AD in recent years. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of AD will create a solid foundation for drug treatment. In addition, research on resveratrol, including its mechanism of action, the roles of signalling pathways and its therapeutic targets, will provide new ideas for AD treatment, which is of great significance. In this review, we discuss the possible relationships between AD and the following factors: synapses, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), and estrogens. We also discuss the findings of previous studies regarding these relationships in the context of AD treatment and further summarize research progress related to resveratrol treatment.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the pathogenesis and treatment mechanisms of AD have not been fully established. However, recent studies have expanded the possibilities for the aetiology and treatment of AD. In general, synaptic transmission, AMPARs in the postsynaptic membrane, SIRT1 and estrogen occupy certain positions in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD. Some research progress has been made regarding the use of resveratrol for the treatment of diseases, and the findings are closely linked to AD. Resveratrol, as an estrogenic compound, promotes AMPAR biosynthesis, enhances synaptic transmission, and activates SIRT1, and it plays an important role in protecting the CNS. Among CNS pathways, the AMPK and PI3K/AKt signalling pathways are associated with the therapeutic effects of resveratrol through the above factors. Resveratrol can achieve neuroprotection through the AMPK and PI3K/AKt signalling pathways and has great potential for use in the treatment of AD. In addition, there is a cascade reaction between the two pathways, and the restorative effects of resveratrol at different concentrations achieved through these signalling pathways are disparate. Overall, resveratrol has some potential for the treatment of AD.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a common irreversible neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid-β plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and changes in tau phosphorylation, is accompanied by memory loss and symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Increases in disease incidence due to the ageing of the population have placed a great burden on society. To date, the mechanism of AD and the identities of adequate drugs for AD prevention and treatment have eluded the medical community. It has been confirmed that phytochemicals have certain neuroprotective effects against AD. For example, some progress has been made in research on the use of resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytochemical, for the prevention and treatment of AD in recent years. Elucidation of the pathogenesis of AD will create a solid foundation for drug treatment. In addition, research on resveratrol, including its mechanism of action, the roles of signalling pathways and its therapeutic targets, will provide new ideas for AD treatment, which is of great significance. In this review, we discuss the possible relationships between AD and the following factors: synapses, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), and estrogens. We also discuss the findings of previous studies regarding these relationships in the context of AD treatment and further summarize research progress related to resveratrol treatment.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the pathogenesis and treatment mechanisms of AD have not been fully established. However, recent studies have expanded the possibilities for the aetiology and treatment of AD. In general, synaptic transmission, AMPARs in the postsynaptic membrane, SIRT1 and estrogen occupy certain positions in the pathogenesis and treatment of AD. Some research progress has been made regarding the use of resveratrol for the treatment of diseases, and the findings are closely linked to AD. Resveratrol, as an estrogenic compound, promotes AMPAR biosynthesis, enhances synaptic transmission, and activates SIRT1, and it plays an important role in protecting the CNS. Among CNS pathways, the AMPK and PI3K/AKt signalling pathways are associated with the therapeutic effects of resveratrol through the above factors. Resveratrol can achieve neuroprotection through the AMPK and PI3K/AKt signalling pathways and has great potential for use in the treatment of AD. In addition, there is a cascade reaction between the two pathways, and the restorative effects of resveratrol at different concentrations achieved through these signalling pathways are disparate. Overall, resveratrol has some potential for the treatment of AD.
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