madman
Super Moderator
TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CACHEXIA: A CONTEMPORARY REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE (2022)
Sean Hou, BS, Armaan Singh, BA, T. Mike Hsieh, MD MBA, Omer Raheem, MD Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Introduction: The prevalence of adult-onset hypogonadism (AOH) is increasing and is currently estimated to be 6-12% in the general population. AOH is often associated with cachexia, a progressively debilitating loss of skeletal muscle often seen in late-stage chronic medical diseases such as malignancies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and HIV. Cachexia contributes to mortality and morbidity with reduced quality of life (QoL) and disease treatment options.
Objectives: This comprehensive review highlights Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) for the management of AOH in patients with cachexia, with an emphasis on clinical outcomes and side effects. Methods: A comprehensive PubMed literature review was performed to identify articles published between 2000-and 2021 on TRT and cachexia-related chronic medical diseases such as malignancies, COPD, and HIV. Search terms included 'TRT', 'cachexia', and 'muscle wasting'. Relevant English articles were included.
Results: Ten studies were included in our review out of 364 initial search results. In three studies of TRT in cancer patients, there were mixed results on the effects of TRT on quality of life (QoL) assessment (Table 1). While one study reported an improvement in QoL and lean body mass with adjunct testosterone, two others reported no improvement in QoL from testosterone therapy. Across three studies of TRT in COPD patients, there was a consistent improvement in exercise capacity and disease condition with TRT, suggesting that TRT is a promising therapy for improving patient condition. Lastly, across four studies of TRT in HIV patients, TRT resulted in notable improvement in body weight, muscle mass, function, and QoL in HIV-infected men.
Conclusion: Based on recent studies, there is robust data for the clinical benefits of TRT for the management of certain subgroups of cachexia patients, specifically those with COPD and HIV. Because there are mixed results in cancer cachexia patients, further 0 investigations of its long-term efficacy are warranted.
Sean Hou, BS, Armaan Singh, BA, T. Mike Hsieh, MD MBA, Omer Raheem, MD Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Department of Urology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Introduction: The prevalence of adult-onset hypogonadism (AOH) is increasing and is currently estimated to be 6-12% in the general population. AOH is often associated with cachexia, a progressively debilitating loss of skeletal muscle often seen in late-stage chronic medical diseases such as malignancies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and HIV. Cachexia contributes to mortality and morbidity with reduced quality of life (QoL) and disease treatment options.
Objectives: This comprehensive review highlights Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) for the management of AOH in patients with cachexia, with an emphasis on clinical outcomes and side effects. Methods: A comprehensive PubMed literature review was performed to identify articles published between 2000-and 2021 on TRT and cachexia-related chronic medical diseases such as malignancies, COPD, and HIV. Search terms included 'TRT', 'cachexia', and 'muscle wasting'. Relevant English articles were included.
Results: Ten studies were included in our review out of 364 initial search results. In three studies of TRT in cancer patients, there were mixed results on the effects of TRT on quality of life (QoL) assessment (Table 1). While one study reported an improvement in QoL and lean body mass with adjunct testosterone, two others reported no improvement in QoL from testosterone therapy. Across three studies of TRT in COPD patients, there was a consistent improvement in exercise capacity and disease condition with TRT, suggesting that TRT is a promising therapy for improving patient condition. Lastly, across four studies of TRT in HIV patients, TRT resulted in notable improvement in body weight, muscle mass, function, and QoL in HIV-infected men.
Conclusion: Based on recent studies, there is robust data for the clinical benefits of TRT for the management of certain subgroups of cachexia patients, specifically those with COPD and HIV. Because there are mixed results in cancer cachexia patients, further 0 investigations of its long-term efficacy are warranted.
