Men Given Testosterone Enforce Fairness More Readily.

Nelson Vergel

Founder, ExcelMale.com
The study examined how giving men extra testosterone affects their behavior. It found that when men were given testosterone from an outside source, they were more likely to punish others who behaved unfairly—even when it cost them something.

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For example, if someone acted unfairly, men on testosterone were more likely to confront or penalize them, even at personal cost. That is called altruistic punishment—standing up for fairness at your own expense. The study found testosterone increased that behavior.

This suggests testosterone doesn’t only influence aggression or dominance. It also promotes fairness and social enforcement of rules, even when there’s a personal sacrifice.

Link: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306453025003142
 
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TRT Hormone Predictor

Predict estradiol, DHT, and free testosterone levels based on total testosterone

⚠️ Medical Disclaimer

This tool provides predictions based on statistical models and should NOT replace professional medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your TRT protocol.

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Normal range: 300-1000 ng/dL

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Understanding Your Hormones

Estradiol (E2)

A form of estrogen produced from testosterone. Important for bone health, mood, and libido. Too high can cause side effects; too low can affect well-being.

DHT

Dihydrotestosterone is a potent androgen derived from testosterone. Affects hair growth, prostate health, and masculinization effects.

Free Testosterone

The biologically active form of testosterone not bound to proteins. Directly available for cellular uptake and biological effects.

Scientific Reference

Lakshman KM, Kaplan B, Travison TG, Basaria S, Knapp PE, Singh AB, LaValley MP, Mazer NA, Bhasin S. The effects of injected testosterone dose and age on the conversion of testosterone to estradiol and dihydrotestosterone in young and older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Aug;95(8):3955-64.

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0102 | PMID: 20534765 | PMCID: PMC2913038

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