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Estradiol levels determined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) during the normal menstrual cycle in 30 women. Includes mean levels, upper limit of the 95% reference range (i.e., 97th percentile levels), and lower limit of the 95% reference range (i.e., 2.5th percentile levels). The colored horizontal dashed lines are the averages of all days for the mean, upper limit, and lower limit curves (~87 pg/mL, ~263 pg/mL, and ~31 pg/mL, respectively). The vertical dashed line is the mid-cycle luteinizing hormone (LH) peak, which corresponds physiologically to ovulation. Source of the values: (August 2019). "Estradiol reference intervals in women during the menstrual cycle, postmenopausal women and men using an LC-MS/MS method". Clin. Chim. Acta 495: 198–204. DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2019.04.062. PMID 30981845.