What online TRT clinics get wrong about men’s cardiovascular health

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* However, Mills argues that safety alone is not the benchmark for quality care. Men presenting with symptoms of low testosterone often have multiple comorbidities—poor sleep, sedentary lifestyle, suboptimal diet, or uncontrolled CV risk factors—that should be addressed alongside or even before initiating TRT. In his view, many online platforms miss a critical opportunity by focusing narrowly on prescribing testosterone rather than engaging patients in comprehensive health optimization.


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Regarding compounded testosterone products, Jesse N. Mills, MD, takes a balanced but cautious stance.

In this video, Jesse N. Mills, MD, discusses evolving perspectives on testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), particularly regarding cardiovascular (CV) risk and the growing role of direct-to-consumer platforms.





He emphasizes that current literature, including recent regulatory updates, supports the conclusion that TRT does not significantly increase the risk of major cardiovascular events such as heart failure or coronary disease. As a result, the absolute risk of prescribing testosterone—even with minimal monitoring—is relatively low, which explains why many online TRT companies continue to operate without obvious widespread harm.

However, Mills argues that safety alone is not the benchmark for quality care. Men presenting with symptoms of low testosterone often have multiple comorbidities—poor sleep, sedentary lifestyle, suboptimal diet, or uncontrolled CV risk factors—that should be addressed alongside or even before initiating TRT. In his view, many online platforms miss a critical opportunity by focusing narrowly on prescribing testosterone rather than engaging patients in comprehensive health optimization. He sees TRT as one tool within a broader therapeutic framework aimed at improving long-term cardiovascular and overall health, ideally to the point where some patients may no longer need hormone therapy.

Regarding compounded testosterone products, Mills takes a balanced but cautious stance. He acknowledges that reputable compounding pharmacies can provide high-quality, cost-effective medications and are valuable in sexual medicine. The primary concern is regulatory inconsistency: compounding pharmacies are overseen at the state level rather than by the FDA, leading to variability in standards, potency, and quality. Absorption issues with compounded topical formulations can result in unpredictable testosterone levels, underscoring the need for regular laboratory monitoring.


Injectable compounded testosterone poses greater risks, as sterility is paramount when breaching the skin barrier. Contamination due to inadequate oversight has, in rare but serious cases, resulted in severe infections or death. Mills advises patients to be discerning, questioning whether a company focused primarily on selling testosterone—rather than delivering comprehensive patient care—is the right source for long-term treatment.
 

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TRT Hormone Predictor Widget

TRT Hormone Predictor

Predict estradiol, DHT, and free testosterone levels based on total testosterone

⚠️ Medical Disclaimer

This tool provides predictions based on statistical models and should NOT replace professional medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before making any changes to your TRT protocol.

ℹ️ Input Parameters

Normal range: 300-1000 ng/dL

Predicted Hormone Levels

Enter your total testosterone value to see predictions

Results will appear here after calculation

Understanding Your Hormones

Estradiol (E2)

A form of estrogen produced from testosterone. Important for bone health, mood, and libido. Too high can cause side effects; too low can affect well-being.

DHT

Dihydrotestosterone is a potent androgen derived from testosterone. Affects hair growth, prostate health, and masculinization effects.

Free Testosterone

The biologically active form of testosterone not bound to proteins. Directly available for cellular uptake and biological effects.

Scientific Reference

Lakshman KM, Kaplan B, Travison TG, Basaria S, Knapp PE, Singh AB, LaValley MP, Mazer NA, Bhasin S. The effects of injected testosterone dose and age on the conversion of testosterone to estradiol and dihydrotestosterone in young and older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Aug;95(8):3955-64.

DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0102 | PMID: 20534765 | PMCID: PMC2913038

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