Shame proneness showed heightened aggression when experiencing a rise in testosterone post-exclusion.

[Vince]

1. Social exclusion can lead to varying testosterone responses, which are believed to regulate dominance and status-seeking behaviors.
2. For individuals with low shame proneness, a rise in testosterone post-exclusion led to increased aggression, while a drop resulted in reduced aggression.
3. Those with high shame proneness did not show marked changes in aggression, irrespective of testosterone levels after exclusion.

Testosterone-Aggression Link: How Shame Proneness Affects Responses to Social Exclusion - Neuroscience News

The findings suggest that our reactions to social exclusion are a complex interplay of hormonal changes and personal dispositions, like shame proneness.

neurosciencenews.com