A study comparing five dietary patterns common in the United States found that a plant based diet protected against heart disease. The article does not define the patterns, but I found the definitions in this news report.
Kyla M Lara, MD, of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, and colleagues from the University of Alabama at Birmingham examined data from 15,569 participants from the REGARDS cohort (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) in order to find the rate of incident heart failure associated with 5 specific dietary patterns.
Median follow-up was 2892 days. During this time, 300 participants experienced incident heart failure hospitalizations. The lowest risk for heart failure (42% decrease) was associated with an adherence to the plant-based dietary pattern; no other associations were noted.