Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Ejaculation Frequency and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Updated Results from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study
http://www.aua2015.org/abstracts/abstractprint.cfm?id=PD6-07
Jennifer Ride, Kathryn Wilson, Rachel Kelly, Erika Ebot, Edward Giovannucci, Lorelei Mucci.
Introduction and Objectives - Evidence, including from within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, suggests high ejaculation frequency may be protective against future development of prostate cancer.
The aim of this study was to update the HPFS findings including 10 additional years follow-up, and more comprehensively evaluate the association between ejaculation frequency and prostate cancer.
Methods - At recruitment in 1992, 31,925 men from Health Professionals Follow-up Study were questioned on their average monthly ejaculation frequency during the ages of 20-29 and 40-49, and in the previous year (1991) from which a lifetime average was computed.
During 437,490 person-years of follow-up, 3,839 of these men were diagnosed with incident prostate cancer, including 384 lethal cases.
Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute the risk of prostate cancer associated with average monthly ejaculation frequency compared to a referent group reporting 4-7 ejaculations/month.
Results - Ejaculation frequency was inversely associated with age, but positively associated with BMI, physical activity, divorce, history of sexually transmitted infection, and consumption of calories and alcohol.
Having had a PSA test by 2008, total number of PSA tests, and frequency of prostate biopsy were similar across categories of ejaculation frequency, but differences in prostate cancer treatment were apparent.
After controlling for potential confounders, higher monthly ejaculation frequency was associated with a statistically significant decreased risk of total prostate cancer compared to the reference group at every time period.
The hazard ratios (95% CI) comparing at least 21 ejaculations/month to 4-7 ejaculations/month were 0.81 (0.72-0.91; p-trend<0.0001) at age 20-29; 0.78 (0.68-89; p-trend<0.0001) at age 40-49; 0.75 (0.61-93; p-trend=0.0007) in 1991; and 0.66 (0.52-0.83; p-trend<0.0001) for the lifetime average.
The associations were driven by organ-confined and low-grade prostate cancer. Results were not modified by erectile dysfunction, vasectomy or PSA screening.
Conclusions - These findings support a role for ejaculation frequency throughout adult life in the etiology of prostate cancer. The restriction of the apparent benefit to disease with more favorable outcomes may reflect differences in treatment preferences for men with high ejaculation frequency.
http://www.aua2015.org/abstracts/abstractprint.cfm?id=PD6-07
Jennifer Ride, Kathryn Wilson, Rachel Kelly, Erika Ebot, Edward Giovannucci, Lorelei Mucci.
Introduction and Objectives - Evidence, including from within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, suggests high ejaculation frequency may be protective against future development of prostate cancer.
The aim of this study was to update the HPFS findings including 10 additional years follow-up, and more comprehensively evaluate the association between ejaculation frequency and prostate cancer.
Methods - At recruitment in 1992, 31,925 men from Health Professionals Follow-up Study were questioned on their average monthly ejaculation frequency during the ages of 20-29 and 40-49, and in the previous year (1991) from which a lifetime average was computed.
During 437,490 person-years of follow-up, 3,839 of these men were diagnosed with incident prostate cancer, including 384 lethal cases.
Cox proportional hazards models were used to compute the risk of prostate cancer associated with average monthly ejaculation frequency compared to a referent group reporting 4-7 ejaculations/month.
Results - Ejaculation frequency was inversely associated with age, but positively associated with BMI, physical activity, divorce, history of sexually transmitted infection, and consumption of calories and alcohol.
Having had a PSA test by 2008, total number of PSA tests, and frequency of prostate biopsy were similar across categories of ejaculation frequency, but differences in prostate cancer treatment were apparent.
After controlling for potential confounders, higher monthly ejaculation frequency was associated with a statistically significant decreased risk of total prostate cancer compared to the reference group at every time period.
The hazard ratios (95% CI) comparing at least 21 ejaculations/month to 4-7 ejaculations/month were 0.81 (0.72-0.91; p-trend<0.0001) at age 20-29; 0.78 (0.68-89; p-trend<0.0001) at age 40-49; 0.75 (0.61-93; p-trend=0.0007) in 1991; and 0.66 (0.52-0.83; p-trend<0.0001) for the lifetime average.
The associations were driven by organ-confined and low-grade prostate cancer. Results were not modified by erectile dysfunction, vasectomy or PSA screening.
Conclusions - These findings support a role for ejaculation frequency throughout adult life in the etiology of prostate cancer. The restriction of the apparent benefit to disease with more favorable outcomes may reflect differences in treatment preferences for men with high ejaculation frequency.
