Latest Update on Metformin
- Thread starter Andy Peloquin
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Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
DragonBits
Well-Known Member
Maybe metformin dropped B12 which is what caused the rise in homocysteine. Metformin is known to cause a drop in B vitamins.
That was certainly my experience. After a couple of years on Metformin I noticed that a consistent decline in my serum B-12 levels had taken me well below the bottom of the reference range, which I attributed to the Metformin. Started on a 500 mcg/day oral B-12 supplement, and after a few months my B-12 level has risen back into the reference range.
I'm on 500mgx2 (3 months) and also eat ZeroCarb Carnivore (8 months). No issues for me. I wake up with 90-105 blood sugar and it drops to 75-90 late at night. A1C before Metformin was 5.0.
Sean Mosher
Member
I've heard of 250 twice per day all the way up to 1000 twice per day.
From what I've seen depends on the prescriber.
Nelson has posted a ton of good info on Metformin here on this site though.
And I believe he did an entire podcast with Jay Campbell on the subject.
From what I've seen depends on the prescriber.
Nelson has posted a ton of good info on Metformin here on this site though.
And I believe he did an entire podcast with Jay Campbell on the subject.
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Oh oh
Metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults
Metformin and exercise independently improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the risk of diabetes. Metformin was also recently proposed as a potential therapy to slow aging. However, recent evidence indicates that adding metformin to exercise antagonizes the exercise‐induced improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that metformin diminishes the improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness after aerobic exercise training (AET) by inhibiting skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and protein synthesis in older adults (62 ± 1 years). In a double‐blinded fashion, participants were randomized to placebo (n = 26) or metformin (n = 27) treatment during 12 weeks of AET. Independent of treatment, AET decreased fat mass, HbA1c, fasting plasma insulin, 24‐hr ambulant mean glucose, and glycemic variability. However, metformin attenuated the increase in whole‐body insulin sensitivity and VO2max after AET. In the metformin group, there was no overall change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity after AET due to positive and negative responders. Metformin also abrogated the exercise‐mediated increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. The change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity was correlated to the change in mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial protein synthesis rates assessed during AET were not different between treatments. The influence of metformin on AET‐induced improvements in physiological function was highly variable and associated with the effect of metformin on the mitochondria. These data suggest that prior to prescribing metformin to slow aging, additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms that elicit positive and negative responses to metformin with and without exercise.
Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acel.12880
Metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training in older adults
Metformin and exercise independently improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the risk of diabetes. Metformin was also recently proposed as a potential therapy to slow aging. However, recent evidence indicates that adding metformin to exercise antagonizes the exercise‐induced improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that metformin diminishes the improvement in insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness after aerobic exercise training (AET) by inhibiting skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and protein synthesis in older adults (62 ± 1 years). In a double‐blinded fashion, participants were randomized to placebo (n = 26) or metformin (n = 27) treatment during 12 weeks of AET. Independent of treatment, AET decreased fat mass, HbA1c, fasting plasma insulin, 24‐hr ambulant mean glucose, and glycemic variability. However, metformin attenuated the increase in whole‐body insulin sensitivity and VO2max after AET. In the metformin group, there was no overall change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity after AET due to positive and negative responders. Metformin also abrogated the exercise‐mediated increase in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. The change in whole‐body insulin sensitivity was correlated to the change in mitochondrial respiration. Mitochondrial protein synthesis rates assessed during AET were not different between treatments. The influence of metformin on AET‐induced improvements in physiological function was highly variable and associated with the effect of metformin on the mitochondria. These data suggest that prior to prescribing metformin to slow aging, additional studies are needed to understand the mechanisms that elicit positive and negative responses to metformin with and without exercise.
Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acel.12880
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Very interesting! I will try this combo to see if I lose any visceral fat. Maybe the leucine will also help minimize muscle loss on metformin.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Leucine-Metformin-Sildenafil Combination (NS-0200) on Weight and Metabolic Parameters
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Leucine-Metformin-Sildenafil Combination (NS-0200) on Weight and Metabolic Parameters
Tommy Wall
Member
low dose (1.1 g leucine/0.5 g metformin/0.5 mg sildenafil), or high dose (1.1 g leucine/0.5 g metformin/1.0 mg sildenafil) twice daily.
To measure this you need a scale measuring mg. How can one cut 1 mg of sildenafil?
To measure this you need a scale measuring mg. How can one cut 1 mg of sildenafil?
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Metformin Decreased the Risk of Dementia
Black individuals who develop type 2 diabetes are more likely than their white counterparts to develop dementia. Now, findings from a new study point to a possible preventive strategy: Putting older patients on metformin when they are diagnosed could reduce their risk for dementia by as much as 40%, whereas sulfonylureas do not seem to have such an effect.
The researchers did not examine cause and effect, so their findings are not conclusive, and very few women were included in the study. Still, the authors said that their data showing a 29% lower risk of dementia associated with metformin use in black patients aged 65-74 years, and a 40% lower risk in those aged 50-64 years, suggested that “this inexpensive, widely available treatment could be broadly prescribed to substantially reduce the risk of dementia in younger [black] patients with [type 2 diabetes]” (Ann Fam Med. 2019;17:352-62).
Black individuals who develop type 2 diabetes are more likely than their white counterparts to develop dementia. Now, findings from a new study point to a possible preventive strategy: Putting older patients on metformin when they are diagnosed could reduce their risk for dementia by as much as 40%, whereas sulfonylureas do not seem to have such an effect.
The researchers did not examine cause and effect, so their findings are not conclusive, and very few women were included in the study. Still, the authors said that their data showing a 29% lower risk of dementia associated with metformin use in black patients aged 65-74 years, and a 40% lower risk in those aged 50-64 years, suggested that “this inexpensive, widely available treatment could be broadly prescribed to substantially reduce the risk of dementia in younger [black] patients with [type 2 diabetes]” (Ann Fam Med. 2019;17:352-62).
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Weight Loss With Metformin Maintained at 15 Years
Although the benefits of metformin on blood glucose and insulin sensitivity are known, the benefits of metformin on weight loss are not quite as well understood, Gadde's group explained.
"Metformin is not known to significantly alter energy expenditure," they wrote, adding that some studies have shown decreases in appetite and food intake with metformin. "It is well recognized that the human body adapts to weight loss with compensatory neuronal, hormonal, and metabolic changes that promote weight regain. Whether metformin counters some of these compensatory changes must be further investigated."
Source
Although the benefits of metformin on blood glucose and insulin sensitivity are known, the benefits of metformin on weight loss are not quite as well understood, Gadde's group explained.
"Metformin is not known to significantly alter energy expenditure," they wrote, adding that some studies have shown decreases in appetite and food intake with metformin. "It is well recognized that the human body adapts to weight loss with compensatory neuronal, hormonal, and metabolic changes that promote weight regain. Whether metformin counters some of these compensatory changes must be further investigated."
Source
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Aug 6. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1507. [Epub ahead of print]
The Impact of Testosterone on Metformin Action on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Activity in Men: A Pilot Study.
Krysiak R1, Szkróbka W1, Okopień B1.
Abstract
The effect of metformin on thyrotrope function seems to be sex dependent. The aim of this study was to determine the role of endogenous testosterone in the impact of metformin on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity. The study population consisted of 2 groups of men with nonautoimmune hypothyroidism matched for age, weight, insulin sensitivity, and thyrotropin levels. The first group (n = 11) included subjects with low serum testosterone levels, while the second (n = 12) men with testosterone levels within the reference range. Because of concomitant type 2 diabetes, all men were treated with metformin (2550-3000 mg daily). Circulating levels of glucose, prolactin, testosterone, gonadotropins, thyrotropin, and free thyroid hormones were measured, while the structure parameters of thyroid homeostasis and the degree of insulin sensitivity were calculated at baseline and 16 weeks later. In both study groups, metformin decreased plasma glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity. However, only in men with low testosterone levels, the drug decreased thyrotropin levels, reduced Jostel's thyrotropin index, and increased SPINA-GT. Metformin-induced changes in thyrotropin and Jostel's index correlated with their baseline values, baseline levels of testosterone, and with the effect of treatment on insulin sensitivity. In men with neither low or normal testosterone levels, metformin affected free thyroid hormones, prolactin, testosterone, gonadotropins, and SPINA-GD. The obtained results suggest that the impact of metformin on thyrotrope function depends on the androgen status of a patient.
The Impact of Testosterone on Metformin Action on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Activity in Men: A Pilot Study.
Krysiak R1, Szkróbka W1, Okopień B1.
Abstract
The effect of metformin on thyrotrope function seems to be sex dependent. The aim of this study was to determine the role of endogenous testosterone in the impact of metformin on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity. The study population consisted of 2 groups of men with nonautoimmune hypothyroidism matched for age, weight, insulin sensitivity, and thyrotropin levels. The first group (n = 11) included subjects with low serum testosterone levels, while the second (n = 12) men with testosterone levels within the reference range. Because of concomitant type 2 diabetes, all men were treated with metformin (2550-3000 mg daily). Circulating levels of glucose, prolactin, testosterone, gonadotropins, thyrotropin, and free thyroid hormones were measured, while the structure parameters of thyroid homeostasis and the degree of insulin sensitivity were calculated at baseline and 16 weeks later. In both study groups, metformin decreased plasma glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity. However, only in men with low testosterone levels, the drug decreased thyrotropin levels, reduced Jostel's thyrotropin index, and increased SPINA-GT. Metformin-induced changes in thyrotropin and Jostel's index correlated with their baseline values, baseline levels of testosterone, and with the effect of treatment on insulin sensitivity. In men with neither low or normal testosterone levels, metformin affected free thyroid hormones, prolactin, testosterone, gonadotropins, and SPINA-GD. The obtained results suggest that the impact of metformin on thyrotrope function depends on the androgen status of a patient.
Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1; MIM #160900) is an autosomal dominant disorder, clinically characterized by progressive muscular weakness and multisystem degeneration. The broad phenotypes observed in patients with DM1 resemble the appearance of a multisystem accelerated aging process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the impact of metabolism and mitochondria on fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with DM1 and healthy individuals. Our results revealed a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) activity, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ATP production, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial dynamics in DM1 fibroblasts, as well as increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PBMCs of DM1 patients also displayed reduced mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism. Moreover, treatment with metformin reversed the metabolic and mitochondrial defects as well as additional accelerated aging phenotypes, such as impaired proliferation, in DM1-derived fibroblasts. Our results identify impaired cell metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction as important drivers of DM1 pathophysiology and, therefore, reveal the efficacy of metformin treatment in a pre-clinical setting.
www.researchgate.net
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1; MIM #160900) is an autosomal dominant disorder, clinically characterized by progressive muscular weakness and multisystem degeneration. The broad phenotypes observed in patients with DM1 resemble the appearance of a multisystem accelerated aging process. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the impact of metabolism and mitochondria on fibroblasts and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with DM1 and healthy individuals. Our results revealed a decrease in oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) activity, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), ATP production, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial dynamics in DM1 fibroblasts, as well as increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). PBMCs of DM1 patients also displayed reduced mitochondrial dynamics and energy metabolism. Moreover, treatment with metformin reversed the metabolic and mitochondrial defects as well as additional accelerated aging phenotypes, such as impaired proliferation, in DM1-derived fibroblasts. Our results identify impaired cell metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction as important drivers of DM1 pathophysiology and, therefore, reveal the efficacy of metformin treatment in a pre-clinical setting.
Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin | Request PDF
Request PDF | On Apr 8, 2020, Mikel García-Puga and others published Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 cells display impaired metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction that are reversed by metformin | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
www.researchgate.net
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
No wonder my IBS got better when I was on Metformin. I may try to start "Metformin Synergy" from Empower Pharmacy with Leucine and low dose sildenafil (yes, Viagra) to see if I do not lose muscle pump or get tired like I did with Metformin monotherapy 500 mg twice per day. I could use losing a few of my quarantine pounds also. These are not human studies but...
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
journals.plos.org
Anti-inflammatory mechanism of metformin and its effects in intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colon cancer - PubMed
These results indicate that metformin suppresses NF-κB activation in intestinal epithelial cells and ameliorates murine colitis and colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice, suggesting that metformin could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Metformin Ameliorates Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Suppression of the STAT3 Signaling Pathway and Regulation of the between Th17/Treg Balance
Objective Metformin is used to treat type 2 diabetes. We sought to determine whether metformin reduces inflammation, by regulating p-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression and T-helper 17 (Th17) cell proliferation, in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease...
journals.plos.org
Nelson Vergel
Founder, ExcelMale.com
Metformin Synergy Capsules
Choose Empower Pharmacy for compounded Metformin Synergy Capsules. The leading accredited 503A and FDA-registered 503B compounding pharmacy.
www.empowerpharmacy.com
Metformin Weight Loss Combo: Effect of Leucine plus Metformin and Sildenafil Combination - Excel Male TRT Forum
Objective: Leucine was previously demonstrated to allosterically activate mammalian sirtuin 1 and synergize with other sirtuin 1/AMP-activated protein kinase/nitric oxide pathway activators to modulate energy metabolism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a triple...
www.excelmale.com
I was till to take a very low dose about 500 twice a week and after the first two weeks I'm dropping weight like crazy ? I didn't know how bloated I was lol. I'm also on test and hcg with defy and love them. I have had doctor's tell my fasting sugar was fine even though it was never really high unless I ate very late. And I have cut out all most all sugar and processed foods and doing my best to get better
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