Ive also wondered, but I dont know.
And yet although many people think 46nmol/l is supraphysiological I dont agree to that. The reference ranges today are low because the average t levels of the general population have dropped significantly. When I walk on the street 90 percent of the men I see look overweight and soft. Thats the reference range we are looking at. I've seen bloodworks from 20 years ago where the range was up to 52nmol/l. Also often people that go to replacement need to take their levels higher to feel the same way as they would feel well on endogenous testosterone.
Creams really dont work with anyone. Not everyone can handle elevated DHT. According to my practitioner issue would have guys with suboptimal progesterone. Also putting that cream 2 times a day and avoiding sex and sweating 2-3 hours after that seems a terrible overhead. 3 injections per week even IM are much better for me.
