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General Health & Fitness
Nutrition and Supplements
The mechanism of action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 208891" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Fig. 3. <u>The GSH biosynthesis pathway and its regulation </u>Two enzymatic steps facilitate the synthesis of GSH. The first step is catalyzed by γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (γ-GCL) which conjugates L-Cys and L-glutamate (L-Glu) into γglutamylcysteine (γ-GC). The second step is catalyzed by GSH synthase (GS), which incorporates L-glycine (L-Gly) to form the final GSH tripeptide. As L-Cys typically is the limiting substrate, supplementation with L-Cys (directly or through NAC) can restore GSH levels when depleted. However, in the absence of GSH depletion, feedback inhibition of γ-GCL activity will prevent GSH biosynthesis, even when extra L-Cys are available. At high concentrations, GSH competitively binds to the γ-GCL active site, preventing further GSH formation. A pharmacological inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis is L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), which irreversibly binds to the γ-GCL active site.</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]16731[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 208891, member: 13851"] [B]Fig. 3. [U]The GSH biosynthesis pathway and its regulation [/U]Two enzymatic steps facilitate the synthesis of GSH. The first step is catalyzed by γ-glutamylcysteine ligase (γ-GCL) which conjugates L-Cys and L-glutamate (L-Glu) into γglutamylcysteine (γ-GC). The second step is catalyzed by GSH synthase (GS), which incorporates L-glycine (L-Gly) to form the final GSH tripeptide. As L-Cys typically is the limiting substrate, supplementation with L-Cys (directly or through NAC) can restore GSH levels when depleted. However, in the absence of GSH depletion, feedback inhibition of γ-GCL activity will prevent GSH biosynthesis, even when extra L-Cys are available. At high concentrations, GSH competitively binds to the γ-GCL active site, preventing further GSH formation. A pharmacological inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis is L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), which irreversibly binds to the γ-GCL active site. [ATTACH type="full"]16731[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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General Health & Fitness
Nutrition and Supplements
The mechanism of action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
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