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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Recent advancements in the treatment of boys and adolescents with hypogonadism
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 215755" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Figure 1. <u>Ontogeny of the anatomical changes and serum levels of reproductive axis hormones in the male</u>. In the early stages of the fetal period, testicular hormones begin to be produced before gonadotrophins and are responsible for the virilization of the internal and external genitalia. From the second trimester of fetal life onwards, luteinizing hormone (LH) regulates testosterone (T) secretion by Leydig cells, whereas follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) controls Sertoli cell proliferation and AMH and inhibin B secretion. FSH induces testicular enlargement while T is involved in testicular descent to the scrotum and penile enlargement. During the 3–6months following birth (also known as ‘mini-puberty’), the reproductive axis remains active, but then LH and T decline to undetectable levels during childhood. Conversely, Sertoli cells remain functional as revealed by high levels of anti- Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B. During puberty, gonadotrophins and T increase. The testes enlarge dramatically due to the proliferation of germ cells undergoing adult spermatogenesis. FSH and germ cells boost inhibin B secretion, whereas T is a potent inhibitor of AMH. Reprinted, with permission, from Salonia et al.5 © 2019 Springer Nature Limited.</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]19229[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 215755, member: 13851"] [B]Figure 1. [U]Ontogeny of the anatomical changes and serum levels of reproductive axis hormones in the male[/U]. In the early stages of the fetal period, testicular hormones begin to be produced before gonadotrophins and are responsible for the virilization of the internal and external genitalia. From the second trimester of fetal life onwards, luteinizing hormone (LH) regulates testosterone (T) secretion by Leydig cells, whereas follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) controls Sertoli cell proliferation and AMH and inhibin B secretion. FSH induces testicular enlargement while T is involved in testicular descent to the scrotum and penile enlargement. During the 3–6months following birth (also known as ‘mini-puberty’), the reproductive axis remains active, but then LH and T decline to undetectable levels during childhood. Conversely, Sertoli cells remain functional as revealed by high levels of anti- Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B. During puberty, gonadotrophins and T increase. The testes enlarge dramatically due to the proliferation of germ cells undergoing adult spermatogenesis. FSH and germ cells boost inhibin B secretion, whereas T is a potent inhibitor of AMH. Reprinted, with permission, from Salonia et al.5 © 2019 Springer Nature Limited. [ATTACH type="full"]19229[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Recent advancements in the treatment of boys and adolescents with hypogonadism
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