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Health & Wellness
Metabolic effects of L-citrulline in type 2 diabetes
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 245095" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Figure 3. <u>Possible nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanisms by which L-citrulline (Cit) stimulates glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle</u>. (1) increasing glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) gene expression by 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, (2) stimulating GLUT4 translocation from the cytosol to the cell membrane by (a) phosphorylation and (b) S-nitrosylation of GLUT4, and (3) increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) mRNA expression by phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1). ASL, argininosuccinate lyase; ASS, argininosuccinate synthetase; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; IRS1, insulin receptor substrate-1; nNOS, neuronal NO synthase; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinases; PKG, protein kinase G; sGC, soluble guanylate cyclase. Created with BioRender.com</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]28885[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 245095, member: 13851"] [B]Figure 3. [U]Possible nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanisms by which L-citrulline (Cit) stimulates glucose uptake in the skeletal muscle[/U]. (1) increasing glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) gene expression by 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, (2) stimulating GLUT4 translocation from the cytosol to the cell membrane by (a) phosphorylation and (b) S-nitrosylation of GLUT4, and (3) increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (Nrf1) mRNA expression by phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1). ASL, argininosuccinate lyase; ASS, argininosuccinate synthetase; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; IRS1, insulin receptor substrate-1; nNOS, neuronal NO synthase; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinases; PKG, protein kinase G; sGC, soluble guanylate cyclase. Created with BioRender.com [ATTACH type="full"]28885[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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General Health & Fitness
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Metabolic effects of L-citrulline in type 2 diabetes
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