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General Health & Fitness
Nutrition and Supplements
L-Citrulline Supports Vascular and Muscular Benefits of Exercise Training in Older Adults
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 181034" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p>[ATTACH=full]9936[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong><span style="color: rgb(184, 49, 47)">Figure 2.</span> <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">Purported mechanisms by which L-CIT improves exercise performance alone and combined with exercise training. </span>De novo synthesis of L-ARG <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">(1)</span> from circulating L-CIT increases nNOS (nNOSμ) activity in the skeletal muscle <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">(2)</span>. NO produced by nNOSμ stimulates expression of PGC-1α<span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"> (3)</span>, a regulator of mitochondrial respiration. Improved peripheral NO-mediated vasodilation and subsequent muscle oxygen utilization in active skeletal muscles contribute to enhance exercise performance <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">(4)</span>. An enhanced mitochondrial respiratory capacity from the combined effect of PGC-1α expression and O2 availability from vasodilation contributes to improve exercise performance <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">(5)</span>. Moreover, L-CIT directly promotes muscle protein synthesis by stimulation of the mTORC1 pathway, which involves increased phosphorylation of S6K1 and 4E-BP1 <span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)">(6)</span>. This effect of L-CIT on protein synthesis may improve muscle mass or strength when combined with exercise training in obese older adults<span style="color: rgb(44, 130, 201)"> (7 and 8)</span>. Enhanced mitochondrial metabolism and skeletal muscle function may contribute to improve exercise performance. <span style="color: rgb(184, 49, 47)">*NO produced by nNOS may contribute to vasodilation after L-CIT supplementation. </span></strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 181034, member: 13851"] [ATTACH type="full"]9936[/ATTACH] [B][COLOR=rgb(184, 49, 47)]Figure 2.[/COLOR] [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)]Purported mechanisms by which L-CIT improves exercise performance alone and combined with exercise training. [/COLOR]De novo synthesis of L-ARG [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)](1)[/COLOR] from circulating L-CIT increases nNOS (nNOSμ) activity in the skeletal muscle [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)](2)[/COLOR]. NO produced by nNOSμ stimulates expression of PGC-1α[COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)] (3)[/COLOR], a regulator of mitochondrial respiration. Improved peripheral NO-mediated vasodilation and subsequent muscle oxygen utilization in active skeletal muscles contribute to enhance exercise performance [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)](4)[/COLOR]. An enhanced mitochondrial respiratory capacity from the combined effect of PGC-1α expression and O2 availability from vasodilation contributes to improve exercise performance [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)](5)[/COLOR]. Moreover, L-CIT directly promotes muscle protein synthesis by stimulation of the mTORC1 pathway, which involves increased phosphorylation of S6K1 and 4E-BP1 [COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)](6)[/COLOR]. This effect of L-CIT on protein synthesis may improve muscle mass or strength when combined with exercise training in obese older adults[COLOR=rgb(44, 130, 201)] (7 and 8)[/COLOR]. Enhanced mitochondrial metabolism and skeletal muscle function may contribute to improve exercise performance. [COLOR=rgb(184, 49, 47)]*NO produced by nNOS may contribute to vasodilation after L-CIT supplementation. [/COLOR][/B] [/QUOTE]
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General Health & Fitness
Nutrition and Supplements
L-Citrulline Supports Vascular and Muscular Benefits of Exercise Training in Older Adults
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