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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
FSH receptor agonists for male infertility therapy
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 266911" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Figure 2. <u>17 α-hydroxy-progesterone in testicular steroidogenesis</u>. 1) Leydig cells use LDL as a source of cholesterol esters. 2) in an LH-mediated manner and via the protein kinase A, these cells derive free cholesterol from cholesterol esters. 3) star 1 and Cyp11a1 enzymes convert free cholesterol into pregnenolone in the mitochondrial membrane. 4) pregnenolone is converted to progesterone by the Hsd3b2 enzyme. 5) in turn, Cyp17a1 converts progesterone into 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and the latter into androstenedione, which is finally converted into testosterone by the Hsd17b2 enzyme. 6) <u>testosterone plays a relevant role in spermatogenesis by allowing the differentiation from spermatocytes into spermatozoa and in the formation of BTB, through the expression of tight junctions in Sertoli cells</u>. <u>In case of a slightly reduced Cyp17a1 activity, testosterone synthesis decreases</u>, <u>consequently, 17α-hydroxy-progesterone accumulates and spills over into the bloodstream circulation</u>.</strong></p><p>[ATTACH=full]37988[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong>Abbreviations.</strong> BTB, blood testicular barrier; Cyp11a1, 11-alpha-hydroxylase; Cyp17A1, 17α-hydroxylase; ECM, extracellular matrix; Hsd17b2, hydroxysteroid 17ß-dehydrogenase 2; Hsd3b2,hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3ß and steroid Δ-isomerase 2; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; LH, luteinizing hormone; star, Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 266911, member: 13851"] [B]Figure 2. [U]17 α-hydroxy-progesterone in testicular steroidogenesis[/U]. 1) Leydig cells use LDL as a source of cholesterol esters. 2) in an LH-mediated manner and via the protein kinase A, these cells derive free cholesterol from cholesterol esters. 3) star 1 and Cyp11a1 enzymes convert free cholesterol into pregnenolone in the mitochondrial membrane. 4) pregnenolone is converted to progesterone by the Hsd3b2 enzyme. 5) in turn, Cyp17a1 converts progesterone into 17α-hydroxyprogesterone and the latter into androstenedione, which is finally converted into testosterone by the Hsd17b2 enzyme. 6) [U]testosterone plays a relevant role in spermatogenesis by allowing the differentiation from spermatocytes into spermatozoa and in the formation of BTB, through the expression of tight junctions in Sertoli cells[/U]. [U]In case of a slightly reduced Cyp17a1 activity, testosterone synthesis decreases[/U], [U]consequently, 17α-hydroxy-progesterone accumulates and spills over into the bloodstream circulation[/U].[/B] [ATTACH type="full" alt="1696866329696.png"]37988[/ATTACH] [B]Abbreviations.[/B] BTB, blood testicular barrier; Cyp11a1, 11-alpha-hydroxylase; Cyp17A1, 17α-hydroxylase; ECM, extracellular matrix; Hsd17b2, hydroxysteroid 17ß-dehydrogenase 2; Hsd3b2,hydroxy-Δ5-steroid dehydrogenase, 3ß and steroid Δ-isomerase 2; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; LH, luteinizing hormone; star, Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
FSH receptor agonists for male infertility therapy
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