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Health & Wellness
Cardiovascular disrupting effects of bisphenols, phthalates, and parabens related to endothelial dysfunction
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 277537" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Figure 1. Steps of endothelial dysfunction:</strong> The process of endothelial dysfunction begins with 1) the endothelium damage due to multiple factors, followed by 2) permeability changes of the endothelium begin, with the concomitant 3) lipoproteins infiltration. Next, 4) The lipoproteins undergo oxidation, favoring the atheroma layer,and 5) an inflammatory microenvironment is generated, where 6) monocytes and macrophages are recruited, and 7) macrophages turn into foam cells, which undergo apoptosis and release cholesterol particles, enhancing the inflammatory environment. Subsequently, 8) migration of smooth muscle cells occurs, leading to collagen secretion, which results in the atheroma layer stabilization. Finally, 9) there is loss of endothelial homeostasis, reduction of the vascular lumen, and 10) formal establishment of atherosclerosis. Abbreviations: interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), low density lipoproteins (LDL). Created with BioRender.com</p><p>[ATTACH=full]42346[/ATTACH]</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 277537, member: 13851"] [B]Figure 1. Steps of endothelial dysfunction:[/B] The process of endothelial dysfunction begins with 1) the endothelium damage due to multiple factors, followed by 2) permeability changes of the endothelium begin, with the concomitant 3) lipoproteins infiltration. Next, 4) The lipoproteins undergo oxidation, favoring the atheroma layer,and 5) an inflammatory microenvironment is generated, where 6) monocytes and macrophages are recruited, and 7) macrophages turn into foam cells, which undergo apoptosis and release cholesterol particles, enhancing the inflammatory environment. Subsequently, 8) migration of smooth muscle cells occurs, leading to collagen secretion, which results in the atheroma layer stabilization. Finally, 9) there is loss of endothelial homeostasis, reduction of the vascular lumen, and 10) formal establishment of atherosclerosis. Abbreviations: interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), low density lipoproteins (LDL). Created with BioRender.com [ATTACH type="full"]42346[/ATTACH] [/QUOTE]
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General Health & Fitness
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Cardiovascular disrupting effects of bisphenols, phthalates, and parabens related to endothelial dysfunction
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