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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
When Testosterone Is Not Enough
Beyond ED: cGMP-Specific PDE5i for Other Clinical Disorders
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 242783" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Figure 4 <u>Role of PDE5 in regulation of metabolic diseases</u>. Maintenance of cGMP-PKG pathway by PDE5 inhibition is critical for improving endothelial and metabolic function and browning of adipose tissue of WAT through increased expression of UCP1 and PGC-1α, leading to mitochondrial biogenesis. PKG controls insulin signaling in BAT by inhibiting RhoA activity and ROCK, thereby removing its inhibitory effects on IRS-1 and activating the downstream PI3-kinase–Akt cascade. Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BAT, brown adipose tissue; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; CREB; cAMP-response element binding protein; IR, insulin receptor; IRS-1, insulin receptor substrate-1; PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5; PDE5i, PDE5 inhibitor; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; PKG, protein kinase G; ROCK, Rho-associated kinase; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1; WAT, white adipose tissue.</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]28307[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 242783, member: 13851"] [B]Figure 4 [U]Role of PDE5 in regulation of metabolic diseases[/U]. Maintenance of cGMP-PKG pathway by PDE5 inhibition is critical for improving endothelial and metabolic function and browning of adipose tissue of WAT through increased expression of UCP1 and PGC-1α, leading to mitochondrial biogenesis. PKG controls insulin signaling in BAT by inhibiting RhoA activity and ROCK, thereby removing its inhibitory effects on IRS-1 and activating the downstream PI3-kinase–Akt cascade. Abbreviations: ANP, atrial natriuretic peptide; BAT, brown adipose tissue; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; CNP, C-type natriuretic peptide; CREB; cAMP-response element binding protein; IR, insulin receptor; IRS-1, insulin receptor substrate-1; PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5; PDE5i, PDE5 inhibitor; pGC, particulate guanylate cyclase; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; PKG, protein kinase G; ROCK, Rho-associated kinase; UCP1, uncoupling protein 1; WAT, white adipose tissue. [ATTACH type="full"]28307[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
When Testosterone Is Not Enough
Beyond ED: cGMP-Specific PDE5i for Other Clinical Disorders
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