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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Assessment of testicular function in boys and adolescents
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 267399" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>FIGURE 1 <u>Developmental changes in serum levels of the pituitary‐testicular axis and their impact on anatomical aspects</u>. In the first trimester of fetal life, testicular hormones are responsible for the virilization of the internal and external genitalia, independently of fetal gonadotrophins. Afterward, luteinizing hormone (LH) drives testosterone (T) secretion by Leydig cells, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)regulates Sertoli cell proliferation and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B levels. While T is needed for the descent of the testes to the scrotum and the enlargement of the penis, FSH provokes a modest increase in testicular size. All hormone levels increase after birth and remain high for 3–6 months. Thereafter, serum LH and T decline to undetectable levels during childhood, but AMH and inhibin B remain clearly detectable. Puberty is characterized by a reactivation of gonadotrophin and T secretion. T inhibits AMH production, whereas FSH and pubertal spermatogenesis upregulate inhibin B secretion. Testicular size increases dramatically, due to germ cell proliferation.</strong> Reprinted, with permission, from Salonia et al.1 © 2019 Springer Nature Limited. O, orchidometer; US, ultrasonography. [Color figure can be viewed atwileyonlinelibrary.com]</p><p>[ATTACH=full]38114[/ATTACH]</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 267399, member: 13851"] [B]FIGURE 1 [U]Developmental changes in serum levels of the pituitary‐testicular axis and their impact on anatomical aspects[/U]. In the first trimester of fetal life, testicular hormones are responsible for the virilization of the internal and external genitalia, independently of fetal gonadotrophins. Afterward, luteinizing hormone (LH) drives testosterone (T) secretion by Leydig cells, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)regulates Sertoli cell proliferation and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B levels. While T is needed for the descent of the testes to the scrotum and the enlargement of the penis, FSH provokes a modest increase in testicular size. All hormone levels increase after birth and remain high for 3–6 months. Thereafter, serum LH and T decline to undetectable levels during childhood, but AMH and inhibin B remain clearly detectable. Puberty is characterized by a reactivation of gonadotrophin and T secretion. T inhibits AMH production, whereas FSH and pubertal spermatogenesis upregulate inhibin B secretion. Testicular size increases dramatically, due to germ cell proliferation.[/B] Reprinted, with permission, from Salonia et al.1 © 2019 Springer Nature Limited. O, orchidometer; US, ultrasonography. [Color figure can be viewed atwileyonlinelibrary.com] [ATTACH type="full"]38114[/ATTACH] [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Assessment of testicular function in boys and adolescents
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