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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Androgen synthesis and action
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 224399" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Fig. 2. <u>Schematic diagram of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, resulting in androgen biosynthesis and their biological actions</u>. Androgens are produced upon central gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-luteinizing hormone (LH)/ follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation of the gonads. In the testicular Leydig cells, the most abundant androgen testosterone (T) is produced at a daily rate of 5-7 mg. About 90-95% of the circulating T reaches the target organs and exerts its effect via the androgen receptor (AR) (left thick green arrow), while <u>5-10% of T is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5areductase activity in the prostate or skin</u>. <u>Only a small amount of T (0.1%) is converted to estrogens by aromatase (CYP19A1) activity in peripheral tissues (e.g., bone, fat, or the brain), where these hormones exert their effect via the estrogen receptor (ER)</u>. In the female ovarian theca cells, androstenedione (A4) is produced, where most of it is converted to estradiol by aromatase in the ovarian granulosa cells. Only a small amount of A4 is converted peripherally to T and DHT in hair follicles or in sweat glands. <u>Eventually, all steroids, including T, DHT, and estrogens, exert negative feedback on the HPG axis</u>.</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]21999[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]22000[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 224399, member: 13851"] [B]Fig. 2. [U]Schematic diagram of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, resulting in androgen biosynthesis and their biological actions[/U]. Androgens are produced upon central gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-luteinizing hormone (LH)/ follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation of the gonads. In the testicular Leydig cells, the most abundant androgen testosterone (T) is produced at a daily rate of 5-7 mg. About 90-95% of the circulating T reaches the target organs and exerts its effect via the androgen receptor (AR) (left thick green arrow), while [U]5-10% of T is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5areductase activity in the prostate or skin[/U]. [U]Only a small amount of T (0.1%) is converted to estrogens by aromatase (CYP19A1) activity in peripheral tissues (e.g., bone, fat, or the brain), where these hormones exert their effect via the estrogen receptor (ER)[/U]. In the female ovarian theca cells, androstenedione (A4) is produced, where most of it is converted to estradiol by aromatase in the ovarian granulosa cells. Only a small amount of A4 is converted peripherally to T and DHT in hair follicles or in sweat glands. [U]Eventually, all steroids, including T, DHT, and estrogens, exert negative feedback on the HPG axis[/U]. [ATTACH type="full"]21999[/ATTACH] [ATTACH type="full"]22000[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Androgen synthesis and action
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