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* Chronic exposure to supraphysiologic doses of AAS induces a variety of pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system. The mechanisms are multifactorial, involving direct androgen receptor-mediated effects on cardiac and vascular tissues as well as indirect metabolic and hemodynamic...

1:25:20-2:14:20 Take home points: * ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (ORGANIC/PSYCHOGENIC) * 90% of the patient will have an ORGANIC CAUSE * ORGANIC is usually very PROGRESSIVE * at 70 YRS old 2/3 of men will have SOME DEGREE of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION * 2 types of erection...

Abstract Introduction Androgens play important roles in regulating the growth and development of the male reproductive system and maintaining libidoand erectile function. The specific mechanisms by which androgen deficiency leads to erectile dysfunction (ED) are not yet fully understood...

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide. CVDs are promoted by the accumulation of lipids and immune cells in the endothelial space resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial cells are important components of the vascular endothelium, that regulate...

Abstract Testosterone, the main endogenous active androgen, is used to treat many clinical conditions, such as hypogonadism, infertility, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, anemia, and in transgender therapy (female-to-male transsexuals). Androgens are also used by athletes to enhance...