creatine; beta-alanine; nitrates; caffein; protein

* Overall, based on our current study and the majority of the evidence, creatine does not influence testosterone (free or total) and DHT ABSTRACT Background Creatine is a widely used ergogenic aid that enhances muscle strength and lean mass. However, concerns have been raised about...

Abstract Background/Objectives Sports supplements have become popular among fitness enthusiasts for enhancing the adaptive response to exercise. This review analyzes five of the most effective ergogenic aids: creatine, beta-alanine, nitrates, caffeine, and protein. Methods We conducted a...