High doses Glycine + NAC supplementation improved body composition, health markers and aging in Older HIV patients

[sammmy]

The doses were a bit high:

• 1.33 mmol/kg/d of glycine = 100mg/kg per day
• 0.81 mmol/kg/d of cysteine (as N-acetylcysteine) = 100mg/kg per day
• a 70kg person (154lb) would have to take 7g Glycine and 7g NAC per day.

Effect of Increasing Glutathione With Cysteine and Glycine Supplementation on Mitochondrial Fuel Oxidation, Insulin Sensitivity, and Body Composition in Older HIV-Infected Patients


Supplementing Glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) in Aging HIV Patients Improves Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, Genotoxicity, Strength, and Cognition: Results of an Open-Label Clinical Trial

 

[sammmy]

Body Composition​

PWH (People with HIV supplemented with Glycine+NAC) were matched to controls (that group was not supplemented) for body mass index (BMI), and hence there were no differences between the two groups at baseline for BMI, but PWH had significantly higher truncal fat (32% higher) and 9% higher waist-to-hip ratio suggesting greater central abdominal fat accumulation (Table 8; Figure 7). After PWH received 12 weeks of GlyNAC supplementation there was a striking decline in BMI, total fat (decreased by 2.3 kg), truncal fat (decreased by 1.6 kg), waist circumference (decreased by 7.3 cm), and waist:hip ratio, and comparison with controls showed no significant differences in truncal fat (p = 0.07), waist circumference (p = 0.9), or WHR (p = 0.6). After stopping GlyNAC supplementation for 8 weeks, the waist circumference increased by 2.3%, and WHR increased 2.3%, suggesting that central fat tended to reaccumulate after GlyNAC withdrawal, but these values were lower than the pre-supplementation values suggesting the benefits of 12 w of GlyNAC supplementation on central fat persisted 8 w after stopping GlyNAC. There were no differences in lean mass between PWH and controls at baseline, and there were no significant changes with 12 w of GlyNAC supplementation. PWH had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which decreased significantly with GlyNAC. Although all participants had magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans to assess liver fat, only 2 participants had elevated liver fat at the basal scan, and the liver fat fraction decreased by 40% with GlyNAC supplementation.

 

[sammmy]

4. Discussion​

This study highlights the impact of GlyNAC supplementation on several key defects associated with premature aging in PWH (People with HIV). The salient findings are that: (1) Compared to age, gender and BMI-matched HIV uninfected controls, PWH had (a) GSH (Glutathione) deficiency and elevated OxS (Oxidative Stress); (b) impaired MFO and MGO; (c) abnormally low protein expression of key molecular regulators of energy-metabolism, autophagy and mitophagy; (d) cognitive impairment; (e) lower physical function; (f) elevated inflammation and endothelial dysfunction; (g) insulin resistance with elevated fasted glucose and insulin concentrations, but without an increase in fasting rates of gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, or glucose production; (h) higher total body fat, truncal fat, waist circumference, body weight, BMI, and blood pressure; (i) increased muscle protein breakdown; (2) GlyNAC supplementation for 12 weeks improved these defects; (3) Several accrued benefits receded 8 weeks after stopping GlyNAC. These findings could have implications for premature aging in PWH, and are discussed below.

 

[DadOfSonNOVA]

4. Discussion​

This study highlights the impact of GlyNAC supplementation on several key defects associated with premature aging in PWH (People with HIV). The salient findings are that: (1) Compared to age, gender and BMI-matched HIV uninfected controls, PWH had (a) GSH (Glutathione) deficiency and elevated OxS (Oxidative Stress); (b) impaired MFO and MGO; (c) abnormally low protein expression of key molecular regulators of energy-metabolism, autophagy and mitophagy; (d) cognitive impairment; (e) lower physical function; (f) elevated inflammation and endothelial dysfunction; (g) insulin resistance with elevated fasted glucose and insulin concentrations, but without an increase in fasting rates of gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, or glucose production; (h) higher total body fat, truncal fat, waist circumference, body weight, BMI, and blood pressure; (i) increased muscle protein breakdown; (2) GlyNAC supplementation for 12 weeks improved these defects; (3) Several accrued benefits receded 8 weeks after stopping GlyNAC. These findings could have implications for premature aging in PWH, and are discussed below.

are discussed below?

 

[sammmy]

The full discussion is in the second article linked in the first post.