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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Blood Test Discussion
Help on my confusion over # conversion
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<blockquote data-quote="Vince" data-source="post: 223754" data-attributes="member: 843"><p>docmass found the A1c cite</p><p>ADA-DC: <a href="https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/38/2/249" target="_blank">Association Between Hemoglobin A1c and All-Cause Mortality: Results of the Mortality Follow-up of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998</a></p><p></p><p><strong>Figure 1</strong> shows the U-curve, with the lowest ACM at 4.5%.</p><p>The paper has this to say about that:</p><p><em>These findings are in concordance with results from our sensitivity analysis of an increased mortality risk at HbA1c levels <5.0% (<31 mmol/mol) compared with HbA1c levels of 5.0 to <5.7% (31 to <39 mmol/mol). In contrast, the EPIC-Norfolk study</em> [the paper Ivor cited] <em>did not detect an increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range; risk was similar for HbA1c values <5.5% (<37 mmol/mol) and significantly increased afterward (9). Some other studies also tested for nonlinearity of the association between HbA1c levels and all-cause mortality but confirmed linear relationships (17–19).</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>Therefore, whether low HbA1c levels are a predictor of increased mortality risk remains controversial. Low HbA1c has been considered as a general marker of disease and a correlate of impaired red blood cell indices, unfavorable measures of iron storage, and increased liver function indices (15,16,32). These factors, in turn, were shown to correlate with inflammatory processes and increased morbidity and mortality (33–35). However, in our main and sensitivity analyses considering several comorbid conditions, the increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range persisted, which is also in accordance with a study based on NHANES III data (16). Residual confounding (36) and reliance on self-report for most chronic diseases have to be considered for discussing this observation but are unlikely to entirely explain the robust result. Therefore, future studies with a large number of individuals with low HbA1c levels and detailed assessment of morbid conditions would be important to further investigate mechanisms underlying the increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range (16).</em></p><p></p><p>Put another way, for people on standard diets, having a low A1c is unusual, and easily an indication of some pathology not on the metsyn spectrum.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Vince, post: 223754, member: 843"] docmass found the A1c cite ADA-DC: [URL='https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/38/2/249']Association Between Hemoglobin A1c and All-Cause Mortality: Results of the Mortality Follow-up of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998[/URL] [B]Figure 1[/B] shows the U-curve, with the lowest ACM at 4.5%. The paper has this to say about that: [I]These findings are in concordance with results from our sensitivity analysis of an increased mortality risk at HbA1c levels <5.0% (<31 mmol/mol) compared with HbA1c levels of 5.0 to <5.7% (31 to <39 mmol/mol). In contrast, the EPIC-Norfolk study[/I] [the paper Ivor cited] [I]did not detect an increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range; risk was similar for HbA1c values <5.5% (<37 mmol/mol) and significantly increased afterward (9). Some other studies also tested for nonlinearity of the association between HbA1c levels and all-cause mortality but confirmed linear relationships (17–19). Therefore, whether low HbA1c levels are a predictor of increased mortality risk remains controversial. Low HbA1c has been considered as a general marker of disease and a correlate of impaired red blood cell indices, unfavorable measures of iron storage, and increased liver function indices (15,16,32). These factors, in turn, were shown to correlate with inflammatory processes and increased morbidity and mortality (33–35). However, in our main and sensitivity analyses considering several comorbid conditions, the increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range persisted, which is also in accordance with a study based on NHANES III data (16). Residual confounding (36) and reliance on self-report for most chronic diseases have to be considered for discussing this observation but are unlikely to entirely explain the robust result. Therefore, future studies with a large number of individuals with low HbA1c levels and detailed assessment of morbid conditions would be important to further investigate mechanisms underlying the increased mortality risk in the lower HbA1c range (16).[/I] Put another way, for people on standard diets, having a low A1c is unusual, and easily an indication of some pathology not on the metsyn spectrum. [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Blood Test Discussion
Help on my confusion over # conversion
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