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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Advances in stem cell research for the treatment of primary hypogonadism
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<blockquote data-quote="madman" data-source="post: 209437" data-attributes="member: 13851"><p><strong>Fig. 3 | <u>Induction of human Leydig-like cells from different cell types</u>. Human Leydig-like cells (LLCs) can be induced through the differentiation of different types of stem cells. <u>a</u> | Human adult stem Leydig cells (SLCs), which reside in the testes of adult men, can be isolated using the marker p75+ and induced into LLCs with the treatment of small molecules, such as thyroid hormone, luteinizing hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. These LLCs rescued serum levels of testosterone and spermatogenesis when they were transplanted in the testes of ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS)-treated rats71. <u>b</u> | Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose (A-MSCs), or umbilical cord blood (UCB-MSCs), can be induced into LLCs with the ectopic expression of certain genes (such as NR5A1) and treatment of small molecules, or through the transplantation of isolated cells into EDS-treated rats140,141,143,144,147,148. <u>c</u> | Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be reprogrammed from somatic cells of adult men, can be induced in LLCs using small molecules with or without the forced expression of NR5A1. These LLCs rescued serum levels of testosterone when they were transplanted in the testes of EDS-treated rats163. <u>d</u> | Human foreskin fibroblasts collected from adult men can be induced into LLC through transdifferentiation.</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]16859[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]16860[/ATTACH]</strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="madman, post: 209437, member: 13851"] [B]Fig. 3 | [U]Induction of human Leydig-like cells from different cell types[/U]. Human Leydig-like cells (LLCs) can be induced through the differentiation of different types of stem cells. [U]a[/U] | Human adult stem Leydig cells (SLCs), which reside in the testes of adult men, can be isolated using the marker p75+ and induced into LLCs with the treatment of small molecules, such as thyroid hormone, luteinizing hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and platelet-derived growth factor-BB. These LLCs rescued serum levels of testosterone and spermatogenesis when they were transplanted in the testes of ethane dimethane sulfonate (EDS)-treated rats71. [U]b[/U] | Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are isolated from bone marrow (BM-MSCs), adipose (A-MSCs), or umbilical cord blood (UCB-MSCs), can be induced into LLCs with the ectopic expression of certain genes (such as NR5A1) and treatment of small molecules, or through the transplantation of isolated cells into EDS-treated rats140,141,143,144,147,148. [U]c[/U] | Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be reprogrammed from somatic cells of adult men, can be induced in LLCs using small molecules with or without the forced expression of NR5A1. These LLCs rescued serum levels of testosterone when they were transplanted in the testes of EDS-treated rats163. [U]d[/U] | Human foreskin fibroblasts collected from adult men can be induced into LLC through transdifferentiation. [ATTACH type="full"]16859[/ATTACH] [ATTACH type="full"]16860[/ATTACH][/B] [/QUOTE]
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Testosterone Replacement, Low T, HCG, & Beyond
Testosterone and Men's Health Articles
Advances in stem cell research for the treatment of primary hypogonadism
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